Primitive types

Zap is statically typed. Every value has a type known during compilation.

Integer types

Int and UInt use the target’s native pointer width. Use a fixed-width type for binary formats, network protocols, and C interfaces:

var status: Int32 = 200;
var flags: UInt8 = 0x0F;
var total: Int = 42;

Integer literals support decimal, hexadecimal, binary, and octal notation:

var decimal = 42;
var hex = 0x2A;
var binary = 0b101010;
var octal = 0o52;

Underscores may separate digits for readability.

Float32 and Float64 have fixed widths. Float is the ordinary floating-point type:

var progress: Float = 0.5;
var precise: Float64 = 3.1415926535;

Bool has the values true and false:

var connected: Bool = true;

if connected {
    println("online");
}

Conditions require Bool. Integers and strings do not have implicit truthiness.

Char stores a character value and uses single quotes:

var separator: Char = ':';
var newline: Char = '\n';

Strings use double quotes and have their own ownership rules. See Strings.

Void represents the absence of a value. A function returning Void normally omits its return type:

fun announce() {
    println("ready");
}

Use as for an explicit language cast:

var narrow: Int32 = 42;
var native: Int = narrow as Int;

The prelude also provides functions such as toString, toInt, and toBool. See std/convert for their supported inputs.